Question 16

Analysis of each compound: **(P)** Has a free α‑amino group (–NH₂ adjacent to the amide carbonyl) → gives purple color with ninhydrin. It also contains a phenolic –OH → violet color with FeCl₃. So P → 2. **(Q)** The amino group is acetylated (–NHCOCH₃), so it doesn't respond to ninhydrin directly; after complete hydrolysis the amide bonds break, releasing free α‑amino acids (phenylglycine and valine) that give the ninhydrin test. It has no phenol, so it does NOT give the phthalein dye test. So Q → 5. **(R)** Anilinium chloride: aniline (as its salt) couples with benzenediazonium chloride to give the yellow dye p‑aminoazobenzene. So R → 1. **(S)** An aryl hydrazine (–NHNH₂) reacts with glucose (an aldehyde) to give the corresponding hydrazone. So S → 3. Matching: P → 2; Q → 5; R → 1; S → 3, which is option (B).

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