Physics · Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law, induced emf and current, Lenz's law, eddy currents, self and mutual inductance

In a coil of area and 10 turns with magnetic field directed perpendicular to the

In a coil of area \( 10 \mathrm{cm}^{2} \) and 10 turns with magnetic field directed perpendicular to the plane and is changing at the rate of \( 10^{4} \) gauss second. The resistance of the coil is 20 \( \Omega . \) The current in the coil will be

  • A. \( 0.5 A \)
  • B. \( 5 A \)
  • C. \( 50 A \)
  • D. \( 5 \times 10^{8} A \)

Step-by-step solution

The induced emf is given by Faraday's law: ε = -N dΦ/dt, where Φ = BA. With A = 10 cm² = 10⁻³ m², N = 10, and dB/dt = 10⁴ gauss/s = 1 T/s (since 1 gauss = 10⁻⁴ T), the magnitude is ε = N A |dB/dt| = 10 × 10⁻³ × 1 = 0.01 V. Then current I = ε/R = 0.01/20 = 5 × 10⁻⁴ A, which is not among the options. However, if one mistakenly uses dB/dt = 10⁴ T/s (treating gauss as tesla), then ε = 10 × 10⁻³ × 10⁴ = 100 V, giving I = 100/20 = 5 A, which matches option B. This is a common unit error, so the intended answer is likely 5 A.
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